Statistical Normalization of RAP-Based Mixtures: A Decision Framework for Sustainable Road Engineering
Materials Research Proceedings, (2025), Vol. 66, pp. 286-299
Justine John M. Alas
a
,
Alejandrino III P. Abrina
a
,
Akhira Jaem A. Ali
a
,
Raphael B. Azarcon
a
,
Ervin Jayro B. Balbuena
a
,
Keziah Lovelydel M. Baldivia
a
,
Roberto D. Rosario
a
a Civil Engineering Department, FEU - Institute of Technology, P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila, 1015, Philippines
Abstract: Abstract. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is becoming significant for the sustainable road constructions. Despite its global success, the standardization of RAP as blending materials continues to be hampered by substantial differences and lack of field validation in tropical areas. This study addresses the challenges by utilizing a statistical normalization method to evaluate recent utilization of RAP-based mixtures in tropical countries, evaluating them across six essential factors: mechanical strength, durability, constructability, environmental impact, economic feasibility, and regulatory compliance. The result highlights that Warm Mix Asphalt with RAP (WMARAP) as the top-performing solution among twelve (12) different mixtures with a composite score of 4.44 out of 5.00, achieving up to 30% reduction in carbon emissions, 18% life-cycle cost savings, and full compliance with AASHTO. RAP offers notable benefits for those areas with limited availability of virgin aggregates and reducing construction expenses. In the Philippines, RAP-based mixtures present a promising solution for developing durable, low-emission, and cost-effective pavements. The study presents a practical decision framework for policymakers, engineers, and contractors aiming for sustainable road engineering.