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Predicting Generation Z's Participation in Green Economy Based on Outcomes-Based Education Exposure in National Capital Region Philippines' Higher Education Institutions Using Machine Learning Approaches

2025 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), (2026), pp. 1-6

Alexander A. Hernandez a , Arlene R. Caballero b , Erlito M. Albina b

a College of Computer Studies, FEU Institute of Technology, Manila, Philippines

b College of Technology, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, Philippines

Abstract: Green economy is an approach to economic development while protecting the environment, that focuses on clean energy, resource saving activities, waste reduction and pollution. Several developed countries have aligned their educational focus, integrating outcomes-based education, exposing students to sustainable development goals (SDG), particularly, Green Economy. To date, however, the Philippines, a developing country, is still on its emerging stage of exposing higher education students on green economy, through, outcomes-based education (OBE) implementation. This study aims to predict generation Z's participation in the green economy based on OBE exposure, through survey data and machine learning techniques. Results show that random forest-based model predicts at rate of 95% accuracy, support vector machine (94%), gamma ray boosting (94%), extreme gradient boosting (92%), k-nearest neighbors (89%), k-nearest neighbors (89%), and decision tree (87%). Thus, machine learning models demonstrate the ability to determine participation and non-participation in green economy based on OBE exposure. Research and educational implications are offered.

Recommended Citation

Hernandez, A. A., Caballero, A. R., & Albina, E. M. (2026). Predicting Generation Z's Participation in Green Economy Based on Outcomes-Based Education Exposure in National Capital Region Philippines' Higher Education Institutions Using Machine Learning Approaches. 2025 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISS66954.2025.11389679
A. A. Hernandez, A. R. Caballero, and E. M. Albina, "Predicting Generation Z's Participation in Green Economy Based on Outcomes-Based Education Exposure in National Capital Region Philippines' Higher Education Institutions Using Machine Learning Approaches," 2025 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), pp. 1-6, 2026. doi: 10.1109/ICISS66954.2025.11389679.
Hernandez, Alexander A., et al.. "Predicting Generation Z's Participation in Green Economy Based on Outcomes-Based Education Exposure in National Capital Region Philippines' Higher Education Institutions Using Machine Learning Approaches." 2025 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), 2026, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISS66954.2025.11389679.
Hernandez, A. A., Caballero, A. R., & Albina, E. M.. 2026. "Predicting Generation Z's Participation in Green Economy Based on Outcomes-Based Education Exposure in National Capital Region Philippines' Higher Education Institutions Using Machine Learning Approaches." 2025 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISS66954.2025.11389679.

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